I_Products

1,2-O-Isopropylidene-sn-glycerol is a reagent used in chemical synthesis. It is used in the preparation of tetraoxaspiroundecanes, diglycerides and glyceryl phosphates.

2,3-O-Isopropylidene-sn-glycerol is a reagent used in chemical synthesis. It is used in the preparation of tetraoxaspiroundecanes, diglycerides and glyceryl phosphates.

3-Indoxyl caprylate is a reagent used in chemical synthesis.

3-Indoxyl phosphate bis (2-amino-2-methyl- 1,3-propanediol) salt
Y™-phosphate bis(2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol) salt
Y™-phos • 2 AMPD

3-Indoxyl-1,3-diacetate is a reagent used in the synthesis of chromogenic substrates.

3-Indoxyl-3-acetate is a chromogenic substrate used to differentiate between esterases of various microorganism species.

3-Iodo-L-tyrosine is a tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor.

4-Isothiocyanatophenyl-alpha-D-mannopyranoside is an organic isothiocyanate compound used in carbohydrate chemistry. It is a building block and reagent which is used for preparing neoglycoproteins. This solid powder carbohydrate melts at 179-182°C. β-D-mannoside is a component of this molecule.

The incorporation of the N=C=S chemical group qualifies 4-Isothiocyanatophenyl-alpha-D-mannopyranoside as an isothiocyanate, a molecule group which frequently appears in food and medical sciences. This compound type produces an assortment of related flavors in vegetables. In coordination chemistry, isothiocyanates can operate as ligands.

5,6-O-Isopropylidene-L-gulono-1,4-lactone is a reagent for chemical synthesis.

This Buffer Set consists of:

- 5X Phosphate Buffer, pH8 (250 mM Phosphate buffer pH 8, 1.5 M NaCl)
- 25 mL 3M Recrystallized Imidazole Solution, pH 6.0

This Buffer set allows researchers to develop, wash and elute buffers for His-tag protein purification.

DL-Indole-3-lactic acid is a reagent used in chemical synthesis. It is one of the building blocks of the sweetener Monatin and Fab I inhibitors. It is a tryptophan metabolite of Bifidobacterium.

IAA (Indole-3-Acetic Acid) is the abundant and well known plant hormone of the auxin class. IAA is predominantly produced in the apical bud of and young leaves of plants and is known to be an inducer of cell division and elongation. IAA, as well as most other auxins, are also known to act in concert with, or in opposition to, other plant hormones. For example, the ratio of auxin to cytokinin in certain plant tissues determines initiation of root versus shoot buds.

IBA (Indole-3-butyric acid) is a plant hormone belonging to the auxin family and assists in initiating root formation; the in vitro process is called micropropagation. Aside from accelerating root formation, it is used on various crops to stimulate flower development and the growth of fruits. This ultimately increases crop yields.

Historically, products that contained IBA were used to protect plants during transplantation by stimulating root growth and decreasing shock.

Icariin is a prenylflavonoid with anti-cancer properties and is studied for its diverse signaling effects observed in vivo. It has been documented to stimulate pathways that induce osteogenesis, decrease inflammation and promote angiogenesis.

Icariin has been shown in vivo to induce mice bone formation through upregulating runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) genes and increasing bone morphogenic protein expression. These prompt osteogenic differentiation and bone development. Also, icariin invokes marrow stromal cell proliferation via increased alkaline phosphatase activity.

In vitro, icariin has been used to induce apoptosis by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) and stimulating c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activity. Both of these apoptosis inducing processes compromise mitochondrial membranes to release cytochrome c. The generation of ROS causes direct damage to the membrane while JNK prompts downstream molecules to form pores in mitochondrial membranes.

Icariin has also been shown to inhibit nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) expression, decreasing cytokine production. Additionally, icariin innervates phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) cell cycle pathways. The PI3K/AKT pathway has been demonstrated in vitro to induce angiogenesis, following the addition of icariin.

Icaritin is a prenylflavonoid derivative of icariin (Goldbio # I-215) and has been used for oncology research, to influence bone formation and displays neuroprotective effects. Applications in oncology and neurology research have been related to the activity of icaritin on estrogen receptors.

Within the field of cancer research, icaritin has been shown to act as an agonist and antagonist on estrogen receptors in vivo which was based upon concentration in different cancer lines. Icaritin was shown in vitro to sustain extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK) activity through stimulating estrogen receptors. Prolonged ERK activation arrested the cell cycle in the G2 stage and subsequently triggered apoptosis. Anti-cancer activity of icaritin has also been observed to occur in estrogen receptor negative cancer cells, showing an estrogen receptor independent pathway.

For Alzheimer’s research, icaritin has been investigated for attenuating cytotoxic effects caused by β-Amyloid proteins. While the mechanism for neuroprotection has not been elucidated, icaritin was shown to possibly exert these effects through mitogen-protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK cell signaling pathways.

Icaritin exerts an osteogenic effect in vivo by forming a bioactive scaffold that promotes bone growth while also increasing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. It is also used to inhibit osteoclast differentiation and activity through suppression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL).

Icotinib hydrochloride or icotinib HCl, is a first generation inhibitor of tyrosine kinase epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR-TK). It has been used in measuring the efficacy of novel anti-cancer compounds in vivo against non-small-cell lung cancers that formed advanced solid tumors. Icotinib reversibly inhibits EGFR-TK competitively by blocking the ATP-binding site on tyrosine kinase.

Idebenone is a synthetic analog of ubiquinone (CoQ10). It scavenges free radicals and acts as an antioxidant. Idebenone differs from ubiquinone by having a shorter, less lipophilic tail and thus can function in multiple cellular environments. In contrast to ubiquinone, idebenone acts as a competitive inhibitor of complex I in the electron transport chain and is capable of facilitating cellular respiration that is independent of a functioning complex I. It can accept electrons from the glycerophosphate shuttle, NADH-quinone oxidoreductase, and complex II of the electron transport chain. Idebenone was originally developed to treat cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, but was not found to be effective so other uses are being explored.

Interferon alpha1 belongs to the type I interferon family and is encoded by the IFNA1 gene in humans. It is expressed in peripheral blood leukocytes and lymphoblastoid cells. It plays an important role in inducing non-specific resistance against a broad range of viral infections, and also affects cell proliferation and modulates immune responses. Interferon alpha proteins represent a group of related but distinct proteins that share over 95 % amino acid sequence homology. IFNA1 contains four highly conserved cysteine residues which form two disulfide bonds, one of which is necessary for biological activity. IFNalpha1A differs from IFNalpha1B by having one alanine residue in a position where IFNalpha1B has a valine.

Interferon alpha1 belongs to the type I interferon family and is encoded by the IFNA1 gene in humans. It is expressed in peripheral blood leukocytes and lymphoblastoid cells. It plays an important role in inducing non-specific resistance against a broad range of viral infections. It also affects cell proliferation and modulates immune responses. Interferon alpha proteins represent a group of related but distinct proteins that share over 95 % amino acid sequence homology. IFNA1 contains four highly conserved cysteine residues which form two disulfide bonds, one of which is necessary for biological activity. IFNalpha1B differs from IFNalpha1A by having one valine residue in a position where IFNalpha1A has an alanine.

Interferon alpha2 belongs to the type I interferon family and is encoded by the IFNA2 gene in humans. Like the other IFN-alpha proteins, it is expressed in leukocytes and plays an important role in inducing non-specific resistance against a broad range of viral infections. Recombinant IFN-alpha2A has been used to induce regression of corticosteroid-resistant hemangiomas in infancy. IFNA2 is one of 13 subtypes of interferon alpha found in humans, clustered on chromosome 9. It contains four highly conserved cysteine residues forming two disulfide bonds, one of which is necessary for biological activity.