Quinolones

Ciprofloxacin is a second generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic targeting a broad-spectrum of bacteria and mycoplasma. It is nalidixic acid analog and has few known resistant strains. Ciprofloxacin is also effective as a plant fungicide and is sparingly soluble in water. GoldBio also offers a water soluble version, Ciprofloxacin HCl, for easier use in specific applications.

Ciprofloxacin is a second generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic targeting a broad-spectrum of bacteria and mycoplasma. It is nalidixic acid analog and has few known resistant strains. Ciprofloxacin is also effective as a plant fungicide. Ciprofloxacin HCl is freely soluble in water. GoldBio also offers Ciprofloxacin, a purer form of the antibiotic which does not contain HCl, but is sparingly soluble in water.

Difloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic targeting gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria as well as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Additionally, it has shown efficacy against Chlamydia trachomatis. Difloxacin has been used to study the effects of magnesium supplementation on quinolone-induced damage in animal models. Difloxacin HCl is freely soluble in aqueous solution.

Enoxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic compound that is markedly effective against gram negative bacteria. It has been used to study fluoroquinolone cross-resistence in Escehria coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Enoxacin is structurally related to nalidixic acid and inhibits DNA gyrase in bacteria.

Fluoroquinolones are a group of broad-spectrum antibiotics that inhibit DNA synthesis. These antibiotics prevent unwinding of double-stranded DNA by binding DNA gyrase or DNA topoisomerase. By preventing the formation of single-stranded DNA, fluoroquinolones inhibit bacterial replication.

Antibiotics are often used in clinical in vitro tests known as antimicrobial susceptibility tests or ASTs to determine their efficacy against certain bacterial species. They are tested against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria using panels, discs, and MIC strips by medical microbiologists. ASTs decrease the risk of using an antibiotic against bacteria exhibiting resistance to it, and the results are used in clinical settings to determine which antibiotic(s) to prescribe for various infections.

Enrofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic targeting gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria as well as some Mycoplasma species. It has been useful in researching resistance to quinolones in Salmonella enterica, Mycoplasma gallisepticum, and E. coli.

Enrofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic targeting gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria as well as some Mycoplasma species. It has been useful in researching resistance to quinolones in Salmonella enterica, Mycoplasma gallisepticum, and E. coli. It is freely soluble in aqueous solution.

Flumequine is a first generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic targeting gram-negative bacteria, especially those responsible for enteric infections in animals. It is freely soluble in alkali hydroxide solutions of dilute concentrations.

Gatifloxacin is a fourth generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic with a significant degree of activity towards gram-negative bacteria and enhanced activity toward gram-positive bacteria. It is also potent in vivo against Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium and many other anaerobic bacteria. Gatifloxacin has also exhibited strong bactericidal efficiency in penicillin resistant and sensitive Streptococcus pneumoniae and S. aureus.

Fluoroquinolones are a group of broad-spectrum antibiotics that inhibit DNA synthesis. These antibiotics prevent unwinding of double-stranded DNA by binding DNA gyrase or DNA topoisomerase. By preventing the formation of single-stranded DNA, fluoroquinolones inhibit bacterial replication.

Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic that is an optical S-(-) isomer of ofloxacin. In vitro susceptibility tests show a large degree of activity towards gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria with moderate anaerobic activity.

Fluoroquinolones are a group of broad-spectrum antibiotics that inhibit DNA synthesis. These antibiotics prevent unwinding of double-stranded DNA by binding DNA gyrase or DNA topoisomerase. By preventing the formation of single-stranded DNA, fluoroquinolones inhibit bacterial replication.

Antibiotics are often used in clinical in vitro tests known as antimicrobial susceptibility tests or ASTs to determine their efficacy against certain bacterial species. They are tested against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria using panels, discs, and MIC strips by medical microbiologists. ASTs decrease the risk of using an antibiotic against bacteria exhibiting resistance to it, and the results are used in clinical settings to determine which antibiotic(s) to prescribe for various infections.

Marbofloxacin is a third generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to target Pseudomonades and Staphylococci species. It also targets a variety of other gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. It is freely soluble in aqueous solution.

Moxifloxacin is a broad-spectrum fourth generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic. It targets both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. In addition, it has been shown to combat methicillin-susceptible Staphylococci species as well as penicillin-resistant and penicillin-susceptible Pneumococci and Streptococci species.

Nalidixic acid is a naphthyridone antibiotic that is similar in structure and mechanism to quinolones and is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. It acts as a bacteriostatic in lower concentrations but can be bacteriocidal at higher concentrations. Nalidixic acid indirectly inhibits proteins synthesis by binding DNA and interfering with enzymes involved in DNA replication and transcription.

Norfloxacin is a first generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic targeting primarily gram-negative bacteria responsible for causing urinary tract infections. It is a derivative of pefloxacin.

Ofloxacin is a second generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic targeting gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. It is an analog of nalidixic acid.

Oxolinic acid is a synthetic quinolone antibiotic targeting gram-negative bacteria, especially those responsible for causing urinary tract infections. It has also been reported to be effective against Burkholderia glumae, a bacteria causing grain rot, sheath rot, seedling rot, and bacterial panicle blight. It has been useful in studying transmissible resistance mechanisms of E. coli and S. enterica. It can be used to isolate Gardnerella vaginalis and as a dopamine reuptake inhibitor in neurological research.

Perfloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic and is an analog of norfloxacin. It targets gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria as well as several Mycoplasma species. It is commonly used against Gonococcal species and to induce achilles tendon toxicity in rodents.

Sarafloxacin is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic effective against a variety of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms, especially Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Sarafloxacin HCl Trihydrate is water soluble.

Sparfloxacin is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic targeting gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria as well as Mycoplasma species. It is especially effective against bacteria responsible for respiratory tract infections such as pneumonia. Sparfloxacin also displays photosensitizing effects.