The recent outbreak of pneumonia caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused an international public health emergency.
We know that research during this pandemic has been presented with significant challenges including institutional regulations to mitigate spread and heavy demand for reagents focused on COVID-19 investigation.
This resource page highlights key products and resources for your COVID-19 research.
NOTE: Products from GoldBio are intended for research use only. It is not to be used for diagnostic purposes
SARS-CoV-2 is a corona type virus – the name coming from the appearance of a halo around the virion under electron microscope.
The virus is protected by its viral envelope, with exterior spike proteins that are responsible for cellular receptor binding. Within the virus is a nucleocapsid encapsulating the single-stranded RNA that contains the viral genome.
Transmission of thevirus occurs through respiratory droplets emitted from sneezing, coughing, talking and breathing. These droplets consist of water, cells and virus (in the case of a COVID-19 infected person).
The droplets can remain in the air in the form of a turbulent gas cloud and land on other surfaces. Droples in a turbulent gas cloud can avoid evaporation and remain in the air for a longer period of time than expected. Viral particles that land on surfaces have different lifespans depending on the type of surface particles land on.
This chart summarizes the supposed lifetime the SARS-CoV-2virus has on surfaces. However, information is evolving, and lifetime on surfaces also depends on environmental conditions.
Source: https://www.webmd.com/lung/how-long-covid-19-lives-on-surfaces
Entry of the coronavirus into the body can occur through the eyes, nose and mouth, which is why frequent hand-washing and proper use of masks are emphasized.
The SARS-CoV-2 virus gains entry into the cell when the virus’ spike protein hijacks a cellular receptor called the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor, or ACE2. This receptor is part of the renin-angiotensin pathway that regulates vascular homeostasis. ACE2 is responsible for lowering blood pressure by catalyzing the cleavage of angiotensin II, which is a vasoconstrictor, into angiotensin 1-7, vasodilator).
The ACE2 receptors are present in cells within several organs including the lungs, heart, kidney and liver. However the receptor has been shown in greater quantities on the membranes of alveolar cells.
The receptor-binding domain of the virus is found on the spike protein. Once bound to ACE2, the virus loses its protein shell upon entry, delivering its genomic RNA. Viral RNA then uses the host cell’s endoplasmic reticulum for reproduction.
| Catalog ID | Size | Pricing | |
|---|---|---|---|
| I2481C | 1 g |
|
$ 22.00 |
| I2481C5 | 5 g |
|
$ 30.00 |
| I2481C25 | 25 g |
|
$ 124.00 |
| I2481C50 | 50 g |
|
$ 192.00 |
| I2481C100 | 100 g |
|
$ 353.00 |
| I2481C200 | 200 g |
|
$ 676.00 |
| I2481C300 | 300 g |
|
$ 901.00 |
| I2481C400 | 400 g |
|
$ 1,169.00 |
| I2481C500 | 500 g |
|
$ 1,407.00 |
IPTG is an analog of galactose that is non-metabolizable and inactivates the lac repressor to induce synthesis of β-galactosidase in E. coli. The expression of cloned genes under the control of the lac operon is induced by IPTG. It is also a substrate for thigalactoside transacetylase and has been reported to induce penicillinase in bacteria.
| Catalog ID | I2481 |
|---|---|
| Name(s) |
IPTG Isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactoside |
| CAS # | 367-93-1 |
| Formula | C9H18O5S |
| MW | 238.30 g/mol |
| Grade | MOLECULAR BIOLOGY GRADE |
| Storage/Handling | Store desiccated at -20°C. Protect from light. |
| I2481C In stock | 1 g |
$ 22.00 |
|
| I2481C5 In stock | 5 g |
$ 30.00 |
|
| I2481C25 In stock | 25 g |
$ 124.00 |
|
| I2481C50 In stock | 50 g |
$ 192.00 |
|
| I2481C100 In stock | 100 g |
$ 353.00 |
|
| I2481C200 In stock | 200 g |
$ 676.00 |
|
| I2481C300 In stock | 300 g | $ 901.00 | |
| I2481C400 In stock | 400 g |
$ 1,169.00 |
|
| I2481C500 In stock | 500 g |
$ 1,407.00 |
| Catalog ID | Size | Pricing | |
|---|---|---|---|
| I2481-EZ10 | 10 mL | $ 75.00 | |
| I2481-EZ50 | 50 mL | $ 115.00 | |
| I2481-EZ100 | 100 mL | $ 185.00 |
The IPTG EZ Pak™ is the fastest and easiest way to make a set amount of sterile IPTG solution. The kit includes preweighed IPTG powder, a sterile filter, and a sterile container for the filtered solution. No need to calculate, simply add the stated amount of deionized H2O, filter, and pour into the labeled bottle for easy usage. The EZ Pak™ includes high quality GoldBio IPTG and the sterile solution is ready for tissue culture, bacterial media, or any other appropriate use.
| Catalog ID | I2481-EZ |
|---|---|
| CAS # | 367-93-1 |
| MW | 238.30 g/mol |
| I2481-EZ10 In stock | 10 mL | $ 75.00 | |
| I2481-EZ50 In stock | 50 mL | $ 115.00 | |
| I2481-EZ100 In stock | 100 mL | $ 185.00 |
| Catalog ID | Size | Pricing | |
|---|---|---|---|
| R-050-50 | 50 mg | $ 49.00 | |
| R-050-100 | 100 mg | $ 89.00 | |
| R-050-500 | 500 mg | $ 205.00 | |
| R-050-1 | 1 g | $ 305.00 | |
| R-050-5 | 5 g | $ 1,325.00 | |
| R-050-10 | 10 g | $ 2,579.00 |
RNase A, isolated from bovine pancreas, degrades single-stranded RNA at the C and U residues; therefore, RNase A is pyrimidine specific. Degradation occurs by cleaving the phosphodiester bond located between the 5’-ribose of the nucleotide and the phosphate group that is connected to the 3’-ribose of the neighboring pyrimidine.
| Catalog ID | R-050 |
|---|---|
| CAS # | 9001-99-4 |
| MW | 13.7 kDa |
| Grade | MOLECULAR BIOLOGY GRADE |
| Storage/Handling | Store at -20°C. |
| Catalog ID | Size | Pricing | |
|---|---|---|---|
| P-480-SL2 | 2 mL | $ 46.00 | |
| P-480-SL4 | 4 mL (2 x 2 mL) | $ 74.00 | |
| P-480-SL10 | 10 mL | $ 156.00 |
Proteinase K is a highly reactive nonspecific serine protease that belongs to the subtilisin family of proteins. It cleaves at the carboxylic acid side of aliphatic, aromatic, or hydrophobic amino acids. Proteinase K is capable of inactivating RNases and DNases and is used in the isolation or preparation of high molecular weight nucleic acids. Proteinase K is also useful for helping to characterize enzymes, due to its cleavage specificity. This enzyme was designated proteinase K because of its ability to hydrolyze keratin. Proteinase K is stable in a wide variety of detergents and buffer salts and at various temperatures and pH. The isoelectric point of proteinase K is 8.9.
| Catalog ID | P-480-SL |
|---|---|
| CAS # | 39450-01-6 |
| MW | 28.5 kDa |
| Grade | MOLECULAR BIOLOGY GRADE |
| P-480-SL2 In stock | 2 mL | $ 46.00 | |
| P-480-SL4 In stock | 4 mL (2 x 2 mL) | $ 74.00 | |
| P-480-SL10 In stock | 10 mL | $ 156.00 |
| Catalog ID | Size | Pricing | |
|---|---|---|---|
| P-480-100 | 100 mg | $ 54.00 | |
| P-480-500 | 500 mg | $ 173.00 | |
| P-480-1 | 1 g | $ 215.00 | |
| P-480-2 | 2 x 1 g | $ 415.00 | |
| P-480-3 | 3 x 1 g | $ 615.00 | |
| P-480-4 | 4 x 1 g | $ 810.00 | |
| P-480-5 | 5 x 1 g | $ 1,005.00 |
Proteinase K is a highly reactive nonspecific serine protease that belongs to the subtilisin family of proteins. It cleaves at the carboxylic acid side of aliphatic, aromatic, or hydrophobic amino acids. Proteinase K is capable of inactivating RNases and DNases and is used in the isolation or preparation of high molecular weight nucleic acids. Proteinase K is also useful for helping to characterize enzymes, due to its cleavage specificity. This enzyme was designated proteinase K because of its ability to hydrolyze keratin. Proteinase K is stable in a wide variety of detergents and buffer salts and at various temperatures and pH. The isoelectric point of proteinase K is 8.9.
| Catalog ID | P-480 |
|---|---|
| CAS # | 39450-01-6 |
| MW | 28.5 kDa |
| Grade | MOLECULAR BIOLOGY GRADE |
| Storage/Handling | Store at -20°C. |
Nickel NTA Agarose Beads
| Catalog ID | Size | Pricing | |
|---|---|---|---|
| H-350-5 | 5 mL | $ 75.00 | |
| H-350-10 | 10 mL | $ 119.00 | |
| H-350-25 | 25 mL | $ 255.00 | |
| H-350-50 | 50 mL | $ 439.00 | |
| H-350-100 | 100 mL | $ 825.00 |
Nickel-NTA Agarose Resin has a binding capacity of ~50 mg/ml. In addition, it allows for purification of proteins under native or denaturing conditions. GoldBio Nickel Agarose works very well with the His-Tag Buffer Set.
NTA cross-linked Agarose resin consists of nitrilotriacetic acid groups ligated by stable ether linkages via a spacer arm. NTA is a tetravalent chelating agent, covalently coupled to cross-linked agarose beads, providing a higher specificity and lower ion leaching than IDA linked resins. NTA resins have also been shown to be more robust in the presence of higher concentrations of EDTA, but may require a higher imidazole concentration for protein elution. This resin is loaded with Ni 2+. The resulting, ready-to-use resin is ideal for rapid purifications of His-tagged proteins.
| Catalog ID | H-350 |
|---|---|
| Storage/Handling | store at 4°C. Do NOT freeze. |
Nickel NTA HTC Agarose Beads
| Catalog ID | Size | Pricing | |
|---|---|---|---|
| H-355-25 | 25 mL | $ 325.00 | |
| H-355-100 | 100 mL | $ 1,084.00 | |
| H-355-500 | 500 mL | $ 4,661.00 |
Nickel NTA HTC Agarose Resin has a binding capacity of ~60 mg/ml. In addition, it allows for purification of proteins under native or denaturing conditions. GoldBio Nickel Agarose works very well with the His-Tag Buffer Set.
NTA cross-linked Agarose resin consists of nitrilotriacetic acid groups ligated by stable ether linkages via a spacer arm. NTA is a tetravalent chelating agent, covalently coupled to cross-linked agarose beads, providing a higher specificity and lower ion leaching than IDA linked resins. NTA resins have also been shown to be more robust in the presence of higher concentrations of EDTA, but may require a higher imidazole concentration for protein elution. This resin is loaded with Ni 2+. The resulting, ready-to-use resin is ideal for rapid purifications of His-tagged proteins.
| Catalog ID | H-355 |
|---|---|
| Storage/Handling | store at 4°C. Do NOT freeze. |
| Catalog ID | Size | Pricing | |
|---|---|---|---|
| H-351-2 | 2 mL | $ 114.00 | |
| H-351-5 | 5 mL | $ 255.00 | |
| H-351-10 | 10 mL | $ 460.00 |
Nickel NTA Magnetic Agarose Beads are a rapid and easy small scale purification of histidine-tagged proteins. This resin consists of magnetic agarose derivatized with Nitrilotriacetic (NTA) and provides good properties working in native or denaturing conditions. Magnetic agarose beads provide a convenient and quick method for purification without the need for pipetting or centrifugation. Washing, binding and elution steps will require a magnetic device.
NTA cross-linked resins consist of nitrilotriacetic acid groups ligated by stable ether linkages via a spacer arm. NTA is a tetravalent chelating agent which provides a higher specificity and lower ion leaching than IDA linked resins. NTA resins have also been shown to be more robust in the presence of higher concentrations of EDTA, but may require a higher imidazole concentration for protein elution. This resin is loaded with Ni 2+. The resulting, ready-to-use resin is ideal for rapid purifications of His-tagged proteins.
| Catalog ID | H-351 |
|---|---|
| Storage/Handling | store at 4°C. Do NOT freeze. |
SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: The most important research questions
COVID-19 infection: origin, transmission, and characteristics of human coronaviruses
Novel coronavirus COVID-19: an overview for emergency clinicians
2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak: A Review of the Current Literature
Predicting the Future Trajectory of COVID-19
A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin
COVID-19 Spike-host cell receptor GRP78 binding site prediction
Molecular basis of COVID-19 relationships in different species: a one health perspective
Structural basis of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro and anti-COVID-19 drug discovery from medicinal plants
Molecular immune pathogenesis and diagnosis of COVID-19
Managing cancer care during the COVID-19 pandemic: Agility and collaboration toward a common goal
Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor
High expression of ACE2 receptor of 2019-nCoV on the epithelial cells of oral mucosa
Crystal structure of the 2019-nCoV spike receptor-binding domain bound with the ACE2 receptor
Single-cell RNA expression profiling of ACE2, the putative receptor of Wuhan 2019-nCov
Immune responses in COVID-19 and potential vaccines: Lessons learned from SARS and MERS epidemic
Insights from nanomedicine into chloroquine efficacy against COVID-19
Structural basis of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro and anti-COVID-19 drug discovery from medicinal plants
Anti-HCV, nucleotide inhibitors, repurposing against COVID-19
A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin
Identification of Coronavirus Isolated from a Patient in Korea with COVID-19
Diagnosing COVID-19: The Disease and Tools for Detection
Estimated effectiveness of symptom and risk screening to prevent the spread of COVID-19
Sensitivity of chest CT for COVID-19: comparison to RT-PCR
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in different types of clinical specimens
Positive RT-PCR test results in patients recovered from COVID-19
Chest CT findings in coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19): relationship to duration of infection
COVID-19 infection: origin, transmission, and characteristics of human coronaviruses
COVID-19: Gastrointestinal Manifestations and Potential Fecal–Oral Transmission
The effect of travel restrictions on the spread of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
Use of antiviral drugs to reduce COVID-19 transmission
Presumed asymptomatic carrier transmission of COVID-19
Presumed asymptomatic carrier transmission of COVID-19
Early dynamics of transmission and control of COVID-19: a mathematical modelling study
Temperature significant change COVID-19 Transmission in 429 cities
Feasibility of controlling COVID-19 outbreaks by isolation of cases and contacts
The role of absolute humidity on transmission rates of the COVID-19 outbreak
How will country-based mitigation measures influence the course of the COVID-19 epidemic?
American Society for Microbiology. (2020, January 31). 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Update: Uncoating the Virus. Retrieved April 7, 2020, from https://asm.org/Articles/2020/January/2019-Novel-C...
Bhargava, H. D. (2020, March 23). How Long Does the Coronavirus Live on Surfaces? Retrieved April 6, 2020, from https://www.webmd.com/lung/how-long-covid-19-lives-on-surfaces
Biolution. (2020). Coronavirus Sars-CoV-2 structure. Retrieved from
Bourouiba, L. (2020). Turbulent Gas Clouds and Respiratory Pathogen Emissions: Potential Implications for Reducing Transmission of COVID-19. JAMA.
Chartier, Y., & Pessoa-Silva, C. L. (2009). Natural ventilation for infection control in health-care settings. World Health Organization.
European Center for Disease Control. (2020, March 31). Q & A on COVID-19. Retrieved April 6, 2020, from https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/covid-19/questions-answers
Goddard, T. (2020). How coronaviruses get into cells (Ucsf). Retrieved from
Lauer, S. A., Grantz, K. H., Bi, Q., Jones, F. K., Zheng, Q., Meredith, H. R., ... & Lessler, J. (2020). The incubation period of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from publicly reported confirmed cases: estimation and application. Annals of internal medicine.
Rothan, H. A., & Byrareddy, S. N. (2020). The epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. Journal of autoimmunity, 102433.
Tikellis, C., & Thomas, M. C. (2012). Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a key modulator of the renin angiotensin system in health and disease. International journal of peptides, 2012.
Verheije, M. H., Hagemeijer, M. C., Ulasli, M., Reggiori, F., Rottier, P. J., Masters, P. S., & de Haan, C. A. (2010). The coronavirus nucleocapsid protein is dynamically associated with the replication-transcription complexes. Journal of virology, 84(21), 11575-11579.
Zheng, Y. Y., Ma, Y. T., Zhang, J. Y., & Xie, X. (2020). COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system. Nature Reviews Cardiology, 1-2.
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